There are tools like kmonad (and I think some others), although they do require a kernel extension (or driver extension). https://github.com/kmonad/kmonad/blob/master/doc/installatio...

have you actually tried that? afaik they don't get you the perfect home row mods due to some limitations re. how they implement the tap vs hold logic

https://github.com/kmonad/kmonad/issues/228

I use an external keyboard, & haven't tried kmonad.

I don't run into HRM even at over 100 wpm, on Dvorak. (I'd expect Dvorak to use home row more than qwerty), whereas one user in that thread said he needed to resort to a fork in order to use them.

I read that more as configuring tap-hold is difficult, and that perhaps some typing styles don't suit current implementations. -- I know that if I type "down a, down o, down e, up a, up o, up e" I get "aoe", and afaiu that's different than "must type staccato" that the issue raises.

So you're not using software on a mac then for HRM, but keyboard firmware (and the fork mentioned is for QMK firmware, not kmonad software)?

It is partially possible with Karabiner Elements. The part that's possible is you need a minimum hold delay before __f__ turns into __Shift__, but otherwise it works without breaking your typing

The other part of no-delay without breaking your typing style should also be possible in the software, but don't know of a great solution there